Tumwesigye Kasim vs Uganda (Criminal Appeal No. 131 of 2002) [2009] UGCA 11 (7 April 2009)

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UGANDA}{\author Court of Appeal}{\operator jchemeri} {\creatim\yr2009\mo4\dy7\hr14\min16}{\revtim\yr2009\mo4\dy7\hr14\min16}{\printim\yr2009\mo4\dy3\hr9\min55}{\version3}{\edmins2}{\nofpages3}{\nofwords585}{\nofchars3335}{\*\company Courts of Judicature}{\nofcharsws3913}{\vern24689}} \paperw11906\paperh16838\margl2268\margr1134\margt810\margb540 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow0 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\nolnhtadjtbl\nojkernpunct\rsidroot14637911 \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid2375076 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid2375076 \chftnsepc \par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid2375076 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid2375076 \chftnsepc \par }}\sectd

\psz9\linemod5\linex0\endnhere\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid13462826\sftnbj {\footer \pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxc\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs18\insrsid13462826 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs18\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid8873050 1}}}{\cs18\insrsid13462826 \par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid13462826 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par }\pard\plain \qc

\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\b\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 CORAM:\tab HON. JUSTICE A. E. N. MPAGI \endash BAHIGEINE, JA. \par \tab \tab HON. JUSTICE C. N. B. KITUMBA, JA. \par \tab \tab HON. JUSTICE S. B. K. KAVUMA, JA. \par \par }\pard\plain \s1\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f36\fs24\ul\insrsid1910233\charrsid8873050 CRIMINAL APPEAL No.131}{ \b\f36\fs24\ul\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 OF 2002 \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard\plain \s2\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 TUMWESIGYE KASSIM :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: APPELLANT \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0

\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard\plain \s1\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Versus \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard\plain \s2\ql \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 UGANDA :::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: RESPONDENT \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\b\i\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 [ Appeal from the sentence of the High Court ( Mugamba, J) \par dated 20}{\b\i\f1\fs24\super\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 th}{\b\i\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 August 2002 in Criminal Session Case No.60 of 2001] \par \par }\pard\plain \s1\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\f36\fs24\ul\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 REASONS FOR THE DECISION OF THE COURT

\par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Tumwesigye Kassim alias Tumwesigire, was convicted of defilement, contrary to section 129 (1) of the Penal Code Act and sentenced to 14 years imprisonment. He appealed against sentence}{\f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050 only}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 . On 3}{\f1\fs24\super\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 rd}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 February 2009, we heard the appeal and dismissed it promising to give our reasons later, which we now }{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14637911\charrsid8873050 do}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 . \par \par The prosecution case was that the appellant was a teacher at the school where the complainant, who was then aged six years, was a pupil. During the school holidays, the appellant had a programme at}{\f1\fs24\insrsid5899486\charrsid8873050 the}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 school, where he u}{\f1\fs24\insrsid5899486\charrsid8873050 sed to give extra classes to}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 pupils. On 14}{\f1\fs24\super\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050

th}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 May 1999, while the complainant was with other pupils sweeping the compound, the appellant called her and took her to the office at the school, where he had sexual intercourse with her. He warne d her not to tell any one. \par However, the complainant revealed what }{\f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050 had }{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 happened to her brother Kamugisha Ghaggafi, (PW3), who in turn informed their parents. \par The complainant was medically examined and it was confirmed that she had been defiled. The appellant was arrested and charged with the offence of defilement. In his defence, he set up an alibi. \par \par The learned trial judge rejected his defence, believed the prosecution case, convicted him as indicted and sentenced him to 14 years imprisonment. \par \par He was dissatisfied with the sentence and filed his appeal to this Court on the sole ground that \endash \par }\pard \qj \fi-273\li993\ri567\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin567\lin993\itap0 {\b\i\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \'93 The sentence of (fourteen)14 years imprisonment passed the by the trial judge on the appellant was hash, in the circumstances of the case, considering the mitigating factors by the appellant.\'94 \par }\pard \qj

\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 He prayed court to allow the appeal and reduce the sentence accordingly. \par \par }\pard\plain \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Mr. Mark Bwengye, learned counsel for the appellant, contended that the sentence of 14 years imprisonment was harsh in the circumstances considering the mitigating factors that had been raised by the appellant.}{\f1\fs24\insrsid16535099\charrsid8873050 The a}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 ppellant\rquote s counsel repeated the mitigating fact}{\f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050 or}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 s that the appella}{\f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050 nt had raised in the High Court, namely t}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 hat the }{\f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050 appellant had eleven dependants, two}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 of }{ \f1\fs24\insrsid4657544\charrsid8873050

whom}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 were lame and four were orphans. }{\f1\fs24\insrsid3503576\charrsid8873050 H}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 e is the sole breadwinner}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid1859627\charrsid8873050 . Counsel mentioned the period}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 the appellant had been in prison. He submitted that the victim was a very young child, had gone over the trauma and is carrying on with her life. He prayed court to reduce the sentence to 7 years imprisonment. \par \par Ms. Alice Komuhangi, learned Principal Sta}{\f1\fs24\insrsid11682237\charrsid8873050 te Attorney, for the respondent,}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 opposed the appeal and supported the sentence passed by the trial judge. In her view, that was the appropriate sentence for such an offender. \par \par We carefully perused the record and listened to the submissions of both counsel. We are aware that the maxim}{\f1\fs24\insrsid11682237\charrsid8873050 um}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 sentence }{\f1\fs24\insrsid11682237\charrsid8873050 for }{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 defilement of that }{\f1\fs24\insrsid10447846\charrsid8873050 nature}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 is death. Before passing sentence, the learned trial judge took into account all }{ \f1\fs24\insrsid13648637\charrsid8873050 the

}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 relevant mitigating circumstances. We found that the appellant was a teacher, who s}{\f1\fs24\insrsid13648637\charrsid8873050 hould have protected the victim}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 but}{\f1\fs24\insrsid13648637\charrsid8873050 ,}{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 instead}{\f1\fs24\insrsid13648637\charrsid8873050 ,}{\f1\fs24\insrsid13846126\charrsid8873050 ravished}{ \f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 her. \par \par In our view, the sentence of 14 years imprisonment is neither illegal nor harsh. The appellant deserved no mercy. He is a disgrace to himself, to his profession and to society. There is no plausible reason for reduction of his sentence. \par That is the reason why we dismissed the appeal. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Dated at Kampala this}{\f1\fs24\insrsid12350180\charrsid8873050 7}{ \f1\fs24\super\insrsid12350180\charrsid8873050 th}{\f1\fs24\insrsid12350180\charrsid8873050 day of April }{\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 2009. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard \qc

\li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 {\b\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 A. E. N. Mpagi \endash Bahigeine \par }\pard\plain \s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 \b\caps\f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Justice Court of Appeal \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f1\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 {\b\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 C. N. B. Kitumba \par }\pard\plain \s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 \b\caps\f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Justice Court of Appeal \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f36\fs24\insrsid13462826\charrsid8873050 \par }{\b\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 S. B. K. Kavuma \par }\pard\plain \s3\qc \li0\ri0\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12350180 \b\caps\f1\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\f36\fs24\insrsid14038118\charrsid8873050 Justice Court of Appeal \par }}