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Uganda Judgment

Commercial Court of Uganda

Citi Bank (U) Ltd v Collin Semakula (HCT-00-CC-CS 676 of 2005) [2007] UGCommC 42 (27 April 2007)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the defendant, having failed to file a defence or rebut the plaintiff's evidence, constructively admitted the plaintiff's claim. The evidence established that the defendant owed the plaintiff a total of UGX 14,975,510 in respect of two staff loans, with the applicable interest rate being 16.2% per annum as proven by the plaintiff's documents. The court rejected the plaintiff's higher pleaded sum and interest rate, awarding only what was strictly proven. The court further held that the plaintiff was entitled to interest on the decretal sum at the proven rate from the date when interest stopped accruing on the loans until payment in full, as well as costs of the suit.

Court disposition

Judgment for the plaintiff.

Orders

  • The defendant shall pay the plaintiff UGX 14,975,510.
  • The defendant shall pay interest on the above sum at 16.2% per annum from 20th July 2005 until payment in full.
  • The defendant shall pay the costs of the suit.

02

Material facts

Parties

CITI BANK UGANDA LIMITED

Plaintiff Counsel: David Mpanga

COLLIN SEMAKULA

Defendant

Amounts and remedies

  • Principal Sum Awarded: UGX 14,975,510

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Suit / Formal Proof, Judgment

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The plaintiff argued that the defendant, a former employee, was granted two staff loans (car and personal) and failed to repay the outstanding balances after his employment was terminated. The plaintiff produced documentary evidence of the loans, the outstanding balances, and the applicable interest rates. The plaintiff sought recovery of the outstanding sums, interest, and costs.
Respondent
The defendant did not file a written statement of defence and did not appear; no arguments were presented on his behalf.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Ugandan civil procedure practice

    Failure to file a defence raises a presumption of constructive admission of the claim and evidence presented by the plaintiff.

  2. 02

    General principles of contract law

    Interest awarded should be based on the contractual or proven rate, not exceeding what is supported by evidence.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the defendant, having failed to file a defence or rebut the plaintiff's evidence, constructively admitted the plaintiff's claim. The evidence established that the defendant owed the plaintiff a total of UGX 14,975,510 in respect of two staff loans, with the applicable interest rate being 16.2% per annum as proven by the plaintiff's documents. The court rejected the plaintiff's higher pleaded sum and interest rate, awarding only what was strictly proven. The court further held that the plaintiff was entitled to interest on the decretal sum at the proven rate from the date when interest stopped accruing on the loans until payment in full, as well as costs of the suit.

Obiter and limits

  • It is trite that failure to file a defence raises a presumption of constructive admission of the claim made in the plaint and the evidence of the plaintiff.
  • In absence of any contradicting evidence I must accept the plaintiff's witness evidence as truthful.

Court disposition

Judgment for the plaintiff.

  • The defendant shall pay the plaintiff UGX 14,975,510.
  • The defendant shall pay interest on the above sum at 16.2% per annum from 20th July 2005 until payment in full.
  • The defendant shall pay the costs of the suit.

Source and reliance status

Commercial Court of Uganda

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Judgment text

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Commercial Court of Uganda

Judgment

[2007] UGCommC 42

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REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA \par (COMMERCIAL COURT DIVISION) \par HCT \endash 00 \endash CC - CS \endash 676 \endash 2005 \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 CITI BANK UGANDA LIMITED \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85PLAINTIFF \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 VERSUS \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 COLLIN SEMAKULA \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85..... DEFENDANT \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 BEFORE:\~\~\~\~\~ THE HON. JUSTICE LAMECK N. MUKASA}{\b\ul\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par }{\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par JUDGMENT \par \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 The plaintiff\rquote s case is briefly that the defendant was an employee of the plaintiff.\~ In the course of the

employment the defendant was granted two staff credit facilities.\~ A car loan of shs 10,000,000/= and a personal loan of shs, 11,055,000/=.\~ The defendant\rquote s employment was terminated when there was an outstanding amount shs, 5,440,133/= on the car loan and before paying up the personal loan.\~ The plaintiff\rquote s claim is for 16,495,134/= due on the two loans and interest at 20%}{ \insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 per annum from}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 the day payment was due until full and final payment.\~ The defendant was served by substituted service by advertisement in the }{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 New Vision newspaper }{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 of 5}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 December 2005.\~ The defendant did not file a written statement of defence and the suit was set down for formal proof.

\par \par Mr. David Mpanga appeared for the plaintiff and framed the following issues: \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar \jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 Whether the defendant owes the plaintiff any money. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar \jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 If so how much \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\langfenp1033\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar \jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765

Remedies \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par The plaintiff adduc}{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 ed the evidence John Keru Kahumbu}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 who testified that he is the Financial Controller of CITI BANK (U) LTD, the plaintiff\rquote s bank.\~ That between 2000 and 2001 he was charged with the }{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 establishment of the financial un}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 it of the bank.\~ In 2001 the witness recruited the defendant Collin Semakula as an Ass istant Financial Controller.\~ That in the course of his employment with the plaintiff the defendant was on 21}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 st}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2004 granted a car loan of shs. 10,000,000/=.\~ The witness tendered in evidence a receipt form whereby the defendant acknowledges receipt of the above sum payable by monthly }{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 installments}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 shs. 400,000/= with interest at the prevailing staff rate.\~ The receipt form was received in evidence as exhibit P1. \par \par The witness further testified that on 14}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2004 the defendant was given a personal loan of shs. 10,500,000/=.\~ The

witness tendered in evidence the defendant\rquote s bank statement in respect of the two loans received in evidence as exhibit P3.\~ The statement showed that the balance outstanding on the car loan on 26}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2005 was shs. 4,999,996/=.\~ The balance outstanding on the personal loan was shs. 9,975,514/= as of 27}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 June 2005.\~ The witness explained that the bank had stopped charging interest on the above mentioned dates. \par \par The witness further testified that while in the plaintiff\rquote s employment the defendant was in May 2005 }{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 in charge of}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 the payment of tax to the Uganda Revenue Authority.\~ The plaintiff bank\rquote s cheque payable to Uganda Revenue Authority was intercepted in one of the banks while someone was trying to cash it.\~ The defendant was arrested in connection with that cheque.\~ He was released on police bond which he jumped and never returned to work.\~ His services were thereafter terminated by the bank while with the above outstanding loan repayments. \par \par The plaintiff\rquote s evidence shows that the defendant owed the plaintiff a sum of shs. 4,999,996/= as of 26}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765

th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2005 on the car loan.\~ Further that the defendant owed the plaint}{\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 iff a sum of shs. 9,925,514/= as of}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 the 27}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 June 2005.\~ Both were staff loans on which the float interest was 16.2%.\~ The above evidence is neither denied nor rebutted by any evidence or pleading to the contrary by the defendant.\~ It\rquote s trite that failure to file a defence raises a presumption of constructive admission of the claim made in the plaint and the evidence of the plaintiff.\~ In absence of any contradicting evidence I must accept the plaintiff\rquote s witness\rquote evidence as truthful.\~ In the premises I find that the defendant by the termination of his employment with the plaintiff owed the plaintiff money on both the personal loan and the car loan advanced to him as a staff of the plaintiff.\~ The first issue is answered in the affirmative. \par \par The plaintiff had in its pleadings claimed a sum of shs. 16,495,134/=.\~ However the evidence adduced by the plaintiff has only proved total sum of shs. 14,975,510/= in respect of both loans.\~ The plaintiff is therefore awarded the sum of shs. 14,975,510/= \par \par \par The plaintiff had also claimed interest of 20% per annum.\~ However the evidence adduced

show that the interest charged was 16.2% per annum.\~ The plaintiff stopped charging interest on 26}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{ \insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2005 and filed this suit on 28}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 October 2005.\~ Therefore there was no delay.\~ The plaintiff is therefore awarded interest in the above decretal sum at the rate of 16.7% per annum from 20}{\super\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 th}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 July 2005 until payment in full.\~ The plaintiff is also awarded costs of this suit. \par \par I so order. \par \par \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 Lameck N. Mukasa \par }{\b\insrsid13135234\charrsid2058765 JUDGE}{\b\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par 28/04/2007}{\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2058765 {\insrsid7104485\charrsid2058765 \~}{\insrsid4722358\charrsid2058765 \par }}

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