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Uganda Judgment

HC: Civil Division (Uganda)

Tibulya v DDibya Wagaba (Civil Suit No. 0101 of 2013) [2013] UGHCCD 3 (10 January 2013)

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01

Holding and result

The Plaintiff proved that she entered into a valid contract with the Defendant for the purchase of 10 acres of land, paid substantial consideration, and the Defendant failed to perform his part by refusing to transfer the land. The Defendant's offer to refund the money was rejected as inadequate due to appreciation in land value. The court found no plausible explanation for the Defendant's failure and held that the Plaintiff was entitled to recovery of the land, vesting of title, vacant possession, general damages for inconvenience, costs, and interest. The amount of general damages claimed was reduced to Shs.5,000,000/- as adequate compensation. The Plaintiff is required to pay the outstanding balance of Shs.7,000,000/- to the Defendant for completion of the transaction.

Court disposition

judgment for the plaintiff

Orders

  • Recovery of 10 acres of land from the Defendant by the Plaintiff upon payment of Shs.7,000,000/- outstanding balance.
  • Order vesting 10 acres of land described in PEX.1 in the names of the Plaintiff.
  • Order for vacant possession of the said 10 acres of land in favour of the Plaintiff.
  • General damages of Shs.5,000,000/- awarded to the Plaintiff.
  • Costs of the suit awarded to the Plaintiff.
  • Interest on general damages and costs at court rate from judgment until payment in full.

02

Material facts

Parties

Margaret Tibulya

Plaintiff

Ddibya Henry Wagaba

Defendant

Amounts and remedies

  • General Damages: UGX 5,000,000
  • Outstanding Balance to Be Paid by Plaintiff: UGX 7,000,000

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Suit / Judgment

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The Plaintiff argued that she entered into a contract with the Defendant for the purchase of 10 acres of land at Shs.3 million per acre, paid Shs.23 million in instalments, and the Defendant failed to fulfil his contractual obligations by refusing to transfer the land. She rejected the Defendant's offer to refund the money in instalments, citing appreciation in land value and sought recovery of the land, vesting of title, eviction, general damages, and costs.
Respondent
The Defendant did not file a defence or present any arguments, despite being properly served. The matter proceeded ex parte under Order 9 r.10 CPR.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Contract Act, Cap 73

    A party who fails to fulfil contractual obligations after receiving consideration is liable for breach of contract.

  2. 02

    Ugandan case law on damages

    General damages are awarded to compensate for inconvenience suffered, not as punishment.

  3. 03

    Order 9 rule 10 Civil Procedure Rules

    Where a defendant fails to file a defence after proper service, the suit may proceed ex parte.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The Plaintiff proved that she entered into a valid contract with the Defendant for the purchase of 10 acres of land, paid substantial consideration, and the Defendant failed to perform his part by refusing to transfer the land. The Defendant's offer to refund the money was rejected as inadequate due to appreciation in land value. The court found no plausible explanation for the Defendant's failure and held that the Plaintiff was entitled to recovery of the land, vesting of title, vacant possession, general damages for inconvenience, costs, and interest. The amount of general damages claimed was reduced to Shs.5,000,000/- as adequate compensation. The Plaintiff is required to pay the outstanding balance of Shs.7,000,000/- to the Defendant for completion of the transaction.

Obiter and limits

  • General damages should not be punitive but compensatory for inconvenience suffered.
  • The amount claimed as general damages must be reasonable and proportionate to the circumstances.

Court disposition

judgment for the plaintiff

  • Recovery of 10 acres of land from the Defendant by the Plaintiff upon payment of Shs.7,000,000/- outstanding balance.
  • Order vesting 10 acres of land described in PEX.1 in the names of the Plaintiff.
  • Order for vacant possession of the said 10 acres of land in favour of the Plaintiff.
  • General damages of Shs.5,000,000/- awarded to the Plaintiff.
  • Costs of the suit awarded to the Plaintiff.
  • Interest on general damages and costs at court rate from judgment until payment in full.

Source and reliance status

HC: Civil Division (Uganda)

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Source document

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Judgment text

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Source document

HC: Civil Division (Uganda)

Judgment

[2013] UGHCCD 3

THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA

IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT JINJA

CIVIL SUIT NO. 0101 OF 2013

MARGARET TIBULYA………………………………. PLAINTIFF

VERSUS

DDIBYA HENRY WAGABA………………………DEFENDANT

BEFORE: THE HON. JUSTICE GODFREY NAMUNDI

JUDGMENT

The Plaintiff’s claim against the Defendant arises out of a transaction for purchase of land between the parties in this suit.

The Plaintiff seeks orders for recovery of land, an order vesting title in the names of the plaintiff, an eviction order against the Defendant, general damages for breach of contract and costs of the suit.

The Defendant did not file a defence to the suit although he was properly served. The matter accordingly proceeded under Order 9 r.10 CPR.

The issues framed at the hearing are:

1. Whether the Defendant sold the suit land to the Plaintiff.

2. Remedies available.

The Plaintiff’s case is supported by the evidence of 3 witnesses. The Plaintiff-PW1 testified that the Defendant entered into negotiation with the Plaintiff and agreed to sell to her 10 acres of land at the rate of Shs.3 million per acre.

She paid in instalments to the tune of Shs.23 million when a formal agreement was made on 30/5/2009.

The balance was to be paid on the formal handover of duly signed Transfer Forms. The said agreement was exhibited in court as PEX.1.

However thereafter the Defendant started giving excuses for not fulfilling his part of the contract and the Plaintiff decided to take legal action. The Defendant as per PEX.5 had offered to refund the money advanced in instalments of shs.2 million which she rejected, the land value having appreciated since the execution of the agreement.

Her evidence is supported by PW2- John Bosco Makanga who was a witness to the transaction. He also witnessed the Defendant’s refusal/reluctance to perform his part of the contract.

PW3-Bamulambe David also supported the Plaintiff’s evidence, having been one of the witnesses to the transaction and agreement.

Against all the above evidence, there is no plausible explanation why the Defendant failed to fulfil his part of the transaction. The Plaintiff has prayed for general damages to the tune of Shs.20,000,000/- for the inconvenience suffered. General damages as a rule are not meant as punishment against the Defendant, but rather, compensation for the inconvenience suffered by the plaintiff due to the Defendant’s activities.

The amount of Shs.20,000,000/- as general damages are accordingly on the high side. I find that damage of Shs.5,000,000/- are adequate in the circumstances.

I find that the Plaintiff has proved her claim against the Defendant and I enter Judgment in her favour in the following terms:

1. Recovery of 10 acres of land from the Defendant by the Plaintiff who will pay the outstanding balance of Shs.7,000,000/- to the Defendant.

2. An order vesting 10 acres of land described in PEX.1 in the names of the Plaintiff.

3. An Order for vacant possession of the said 10 acres of land in favour of the Plaintiff.

4. General damages of Shs.5,000,000/- in favour of the Plaintiff.

5. Costs of the suit.

6. Interest on 4 and 5 at court rate from Judgment to payment in full.

Godfrey Namundi

JUDGE

10/1/2013

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Contract Act, Cap 73

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Order 9 rule 10 Civil Procedure Rules

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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