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Uganda Judgment

HC: Family Division (Uganda)

Ssenyonga Ashra v Ssemuwemba James (Miscellaneous Application 2558 of 2024) [2025] UGHCFD 49 (27 June 2025)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the circumstances had materially changed since the consent judgment in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016, as all three children were now under the applicant's care due to the respondent's actions. The court relied on Section 28 of the Divorce Act, which empowers it to vary orders regarding custody and maintenance of children, and on constitutional and case law principles promoting joint parenting. The respondent's failure to contest the application was treated as a concession. The court also noted the respondent's acknowledgment that the matrimonial home was jointly acquired, entitling the applicant to a fifty percent share. Consequently, the court varied the consent judgment to provide for joint custody, equal contribution to the children's welfare, and equal division of the matrimonial home, either by sale or compensation within six months.

Court disposition

application granted; consent judgment varied

Orders

  • The parties are granted joint custody of the minor children, with the respondent having custody on weekends and the applicant on weekdays.
  • Each party shall contribute fifty percent to the children's needs, including school fees, health care, and general welfare.
  • The matrimonial home at Namugongo shall be sold and each party shall receive fifty percent of the proceeds, or a party wishing to retain it must compensate the other for fifty percent of its value within six months.
  • Each party shall bear their own costs of the application.

02

Material facts

Parties

Ssenyonga Ashra

Applicant

Semuwemba James

Respondent

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Miscellaneous Application / Ruling on Application to Vary Consent Judgment and Distribute Matrimonial Property

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant argued that circumstances had changed since the consent judgment, with all three children now under her care due to the respondent's conduct. She sought joint custody, contribution to school fees and maintenance, and a fair share of the matrimonial home, which was acknowledged as jointly acquired. She contended that the respondent is able to contribute financially and that the issue of property distribution was not addressed in the original divorce proceedings.
Respondent
The respondent did not file an affidavit in reply or contest the application, despite being served. The court proceeded ex parte and treated the lack of response as a concession to the application.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Section 28 of the Divorce Act Cap 144

    The court may, at any stage of proceedings or after a decree absolute, make or vary orders regarding custody, maintenance, and education of minor children.

  2. 02

    Otto Methodius Pacific v Edyline Sabrina Pacific C.A.C.A No. 88 of 2013; CX v CY (2006) 4LRC (Singapore)

    Courts should recognize and promote joint parenting so both parents remain involved in the child's life.

  3. 03

    Article 31(5) of the Constitution of Uganda

    Children may not be separated from their families except in accordance with the law.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the circumstances had materially changed since the consent judgment in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016, as all three children were now under the applicant's care due to the respondent's actions. The court relied on Section 28 of the Divorce Act, which empowers it to vary orders regarding custody and maintenance of children, and on constitutional and case law principles promoting joint parenting. The respondent's failure to contest the application was treated as a concession. The court also noted the respondent's acknowledgment that the matrimonial home was jointly acquired, entitling the applicant to a fifty percent share. Consequently, the court varied the consent judgment to provide for joint custody, equal contribution to the children's welfare, and equal division of the matrimonial home, either by sale or compensation within six months.

Obiter and limits

  • In custody proceedings, it is crucial that courts promote joint parenting to ensure both parents remain involved in the child's life.
  • The respondent's failure to contest the application is taken as a concession to the applicant's claims.

Court disposition

application granted; consent judgment varied

  • The parties are granted joint custody of the minor children, with the respondent having custody on weekends and the applicant on weekdays.
  • Each party shall contribute fifty percent to the children's needs, including school fees, health care, and general welfare.
  • The matrimonial home at Namugongo shall be sold and each party shall receive fifty percent of the proceeds, or a party wishing to retain it must compensate the other for fifty percent of its value within six months.
  • Each party shall bear their own costs of the application.

Source and reliance status

HC: Family Division (Uganda)

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Source document

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Judgment text

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Source document

HC: Family Division (Uganda)

Judgment

[2025] UGHCFD 49

THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA (FAMILY DIVISION) MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATION NO. 2558 OF 2024 (ARISING FROM DIVORCE CAUSE NO. 0013 OF 2016)

SSENYONGA ASHRA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: VERSUS

SSEMUWEMBA JAMES ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

BEFORE HON. JUSTICE JOHN EUDES KEITIRIMA

RULING

1]. This application was brought by way of Notice of Motion under Section 98 of the CPA and Order 52 Rules 1 & 3 of the CPR.

The applicant is seeking for orders that; -

Part two of the consent judgment in Divorce Cause No. 13 of $(i)$ $2016$ be varied.

$\forall$

- $(ii)$ That the issue of distribution of matrimonial property in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016 be heard and the applicant be given her share of the matrimonial home. - That each party bear their own costs. $(iii)$

2]. The application is supported by the affidavit of the applicant who states inter alia; -

- $(i)$ That the applicant signed the consent in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016 and the respondent was to remain in custody of the children including; Aaliyan Namirembe, Ryan Kirabo and Rodney Kusiima while the applicant was to have visitation rights. - $(ii)$ That Aaliyan is now an adult and currently in care of the applicant. That Ryan was chased by the respondent from the matrimonial home and Rodney Kusiima left the respondent's home and all the three children are under the applicant's care. - $(iii)$ That Rodney left the respondent's house owing to the hostile conditions and the fact that he was missing his two siblings.

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- That the respondent makes a contribution to the school fees $(iv)$ and maintenance of the three children. - $(v)$ That this Court makes further orders in respect of the matrimonial property as this issue was not addressed in the divorce cause. - $(vi)$ That the respondent is gainfully employed and able to contribute to the children's maintenance and school fees. - (vii) That in the interests of justice the orders sought should be granted.

3. This matter proceeded ex parte as the respondent was served but failed or refused to file an affidavit in reply. The applicant filed written submissions which I have considered in determining this application.

The issue to determine now is whether part two of the consent judgment in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016 should be varied and whether the distribution of matrimonial property should be considered.

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Since the application was not contested by the respondent, I take it that he conceded to it.

4]. Section 28 of the Divorce Act Cap 144 provides that "In suits for dissolution of marriage, or for nullity of marriage or for judicial separation, the Court may, at any stage of the proceedings, or after a decree absolute has been pronounced, make such order as it thinks fit, and may vary or discharge the orders, with respect to the custody, maintenance and education of the minor children of the marriage, or for placing them under the protection of the Court".

5]. With regard to the issue of custody of the children, it was held in the case of Otto Methodius Pacific versus Edyline Sabrina Pacific C. A. C. A No. 88 of 2013 citing the Singaporean Court of Appeal case CX versus CY (2006) 4LRC that in any custody proceedings, it is crucial that the Courts recognize and promote joint parenting so that both parents can continue to have a direct involvement in the child's life.

6]. Article 31(5) of the Constitution provides that "children may not be separated from their families or the persons entitled to bring them up

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against the will of their families or of those persons, except in accordance with the law".

7]. The consent judgment will therefore be varied to provide for joint custody of the children by the parties.

The parties will equally make a fifty, fifty contribution to their children's school fees and general welfare.

8]. In his reply to the Petition vide Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016 the respondent acknowledged that the home in Namugongo was jointly acquired by him and the applicant.

The applicant is therefore entitled to fifty percent of its current value.

9]. The application will therefore be granted and the consent judgment in Divorce Cause No. 13 of 2016 will be varied as follows; -

$(i)$ The parties will be granted joint custody of the minor children. The respondent shall have custody of the children during the weekends while the applicant shall have custody of the children during the weekdays.

MARIO

- $(ii)$ The parties are to contribute fifty percent each to the children's needs especially with regard to school fees, health care and their general welfare. - $(iii)$ The matrimonial home at Namugongo should be sold and each party takes fifty percent of the proceeds of the sale or a party that intends to retain it should compensate the other fifty percent of its value within a period of six months from the date hereof. - $(iv)$ Each party will bear their costs of this application.

Hon. Justice John Eudes Keitiri

27/06/2025

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Otto Methodius Pacific v Edyline Sabrina Pacific C.A.C.A No. 88 of 2013

Case cited

CX v CY (2006) 4LRC (Singapore)

Case cited

Section 28 of the Divorce Act Cap 144

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Article 31(5) of the Constitution of Uganda

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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