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Uganda Judgment

High Court of Uganda

Pader District Local Government v Okengo Justine & 12 Others [2007] UGHC 38 (31 August 2007)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the applicant's failure to file a defence in time was due to an administrative lapse rather than willful neglect. The Chief Administrative Officer, who was responsible for handling court process, was no longer in office at the time of service, and the acting officer failed to forward the documents to counsel promptly. The court accepted this explanation as sufficient cause to set aside the interlocutory judgment, noting that such lapses are not uncommon in local government offices staffed by non-lawyers. The court emphasized that costs may be awarded against the defaulting party as an appropriate remedy. The applicant was granted leave to file a defence within seven days, and the respondent was to reply within four days of service. The court also highlighted the statutory duty of local government officers to receive and process court documents and cautioned advocates against acting as both counsel and witness in contentious matters.

Court disposition

application allowed

Orders

  • The interlocutory judgment in Civil Suit No. 6/07 dated 31.05.07 is set aside.
  • Leave is granted to the applicant to file and serve a defence within seven (7) days from the date of the ruling.
  • The respondent is to reply within four (4) days from the date of service.
  • The suit shall proceed to hearing if not settled out of court.

02

Material facts

Parties

Pader District Local Government

Applicant Counsel: Ochaya Achellam Paul

Okengo Justin & 12 Others

Respondent Counsel: Donge

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Miscellaneous Application / Ruling on Application to Set Aside Interlocutory Judgment

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant argued that the failure to file a defence in time was due to the Chief Administrative Officer, who was familiar with the process, no longer being in office at the time of service. The acting officer did not forward the court documents to counsel in time, resulting in the lapse of the prescribed period for filing a defence. The applicant contended this was not intentional and sought the court's indulgence to set aside the interlocutory judgment and allow the defence to be filed.
Respondent
The respondent, through counsel Donge, opposed the application, arguing that no sufficient cause had been established for setting aside the interlocutory judgment. The respondent maintained that the applicant's explanation was inadequate and that the judgment should stand.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Order 9 rule 12 of the Civil Procedure Rules (Uganda)

    A court may set aside an interlocutory judgment entered in default if sufficient cause is shown for the failure to file a defence within the prescribed time.

  2. 02

    Regulation 26, Third Schedule to the Local Governments Act, Cap. 243

    Officers of Local Governments have a statutory duty to receive and act upon court process promptly.

  3. 03

    Advocates (Professional Conduct) Regulations, SI 93/1973 and SI 79/1977

    An advocate should not act as both counsel and witness in contentious matters involving their client.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the applicant's failure to file a defence in time was due to an administrative lapse rather than willful neglect. The Chief Administrative Officer, who was responsible for handling court process, was no longer in office at the time of service, and the acting officer failed to forward the documents to counsel promptly. The court accepted this explanation as sufficient cause to set aside the interlocutory judgment, noting that such lapses are not uncommon in local government offices staffed by non-lawyers. The court emphasized that costs may be awarded against the defaulting party as an appropriate remedy. The applicant was granted leave to file a defence within seven days, and the respondent was to reply within four days of service. The court also highlighted the statutory duty of local government officers to receive and process court documents and cautioned advocates against acting as both counsel and witness in contentious matters.

Obiter and limits

  • Advocates should not depose to contentious matters in affidavits for their clients, as this contravenes professional conduct regulations.
  • Local Government officers must put in place arrangements to promptly receive and process court documents, as failure to do so may result in judgments being entered against them without a hearing.
  • The court does not believe the process server's claim that the applicant's office was advised not to accept court service; Local Governments must ensure court process is accepted and acknowledged.

Court disposition

application allowed

  • The interlocutory judgment in Civil Suit No. 6/07 dated 31.05.07 is set aside.
  • Leave is granted to the applicant to file and serve a defence within seven (7) days from the date of the ruling.
  • The respondent is to reply within four (4) days from the date of service.
  • The suit shall proceed to hearing if not settled out of court.

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High Court of Uganda

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High Court of Uganda

Judgment

[2007] UGHC 38

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COURT OF UGANDA AT GULU \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 HOLDEN AT GULU \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 HCT \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 02 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 CV \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 MA \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 056 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 2007 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 (Arising from CV. CS \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 0006 \hich\f0 \endash \loch\f0 2007) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7282286 {\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 PADER }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 DISTRICT LOCAL GOVERNMENT::::}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 :::::::APPLICANT \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4791362 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid4791362 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 VERSUS}{ \b\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7282286 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 OKENGO JUSTIN}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 E & 12

OTHERS:::::::::::}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid14707600\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ::::RESPONDENTS \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7282286 {\b\dbch\af12\insrsid13636250\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 BEFORE HON. JUSTICE REMMY K KASULE \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 RULING \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7282286 {\dbch\af12\insrsid13704698\charrsid7282286 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7282286 {\dbch\af12\insrsid13704698\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The applicant is the Local Government of Pader District}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13704698\charrsid7282286 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 H. C. C. S. No. 6/07 was instituted in this court by the Respondents against the applicant. In the suit, respondents, who are former employees of applicant, seek from the applicant several payments connected with their being retired from work. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Service of s\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ummons to file a defence to the suit was effected upon the applicant on 27.03.2007.

}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 fact is admitted by applicant. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 No defence was filed to the suit within the }{\dbch\af12\insrsid16581767\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 prescribed}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 time because, according to applicant, the officer served never passed on the se\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 rved process upon counsel for applicant in time. By the time applicant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s counsel was given the paper, the prescribed time had alre}{\dbch\af12\insrsid16581767\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 dy }{\dbch\af12\insrsid16581767\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 run out}{\dbch\af12\insrsid8801238\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid8084289\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The reason for not handing over the papers to counsel was because the applicant\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s Chief Administrative Officer\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 , one Ojok Leonard, who knew what to do, was, at the material time of service, no longer in office. The one acting in his stead just sat on the papers, until it was

late. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Mr. Donge, counsel for Respondent opposed the application contending that no suffic\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ient cause had been established for setting aside the interlocutory Judgment and allowing the applicant to file a defence. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid4856882\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Court accepts the reason given by applicant for not filing the defence to the suit in time as a sufficient ground to set aside the \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 interlocutory Judgment. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 It is not uncommon for officers of Local Governments, who are lay persons, and not lawyers, to just file away court process without paying attention to the time deadlines set there }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 in}{\dbch\af12\insrsid4856882\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 . Court is of the view, that in such circumstances, costs can be an appropriate remedy by being awarded against the party in default. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 From the bar, counsel for the applicants indicated to court, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 that }{\dbch\af12\insrsid4856882\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 a}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 likelihood of

}{\dbch\af12\insrsid4856882\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 settlement of the case is very probabl\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 e. All the same the applicant need}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 s}{\dbch\af12\insrsid4856882\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 to be fully part and parcel of the proceedings in order to effectively put before court the instructions of the applicant. Court appreciates this consideration. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Accordingly this application is allowed. The interlocu\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 tory judgment in Civil Suit No. 6/07 dated 31.05.07 is hereby set aside}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 .}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 eave is hereby granted to the applicant to file and serve to opposite party a defence to the suit within seven(7) days from the date hereof. The respondent is to make a reply to the\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 same within 4 days, from the date of service, and thereafter the suit shall proceed to h}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0

e}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 aring, if not settled out of }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 c}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 o}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 u}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid1254717\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 rt. \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Before taking leave of this application court desires to make the following observations: \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 First, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid3611140\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 L}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 earned }{\dbch\af12\insrsid3611140\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 C}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ou}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3611140\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 n}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 sel for applicants \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Ochaya Achellam Paul, deposed to an affidavit in support of the application. He deposed to contentious matters relating to the service of summons upon his clients. By so doing he turned himself into a witness for the applicant. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The

Adv}{\dbch\af12\insrsid3611140\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 o}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 cates professiona\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 l conduct Regulations, SI 93/} {\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 /1973 and SI 79/1977, enjoin an advocate not to be personally involved in a client\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s case. }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 A}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 n advocate is barred from conducting proceedings on behalf of a client in any contentious matter in which that advocate is personally \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 involved either as a party or possible witness.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid5788508\charrsid7282286 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13126155\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Counsels are}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 expected to strictly observe this aspect of professional conduct. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 The second matter to }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 be }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 observe}{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0

d}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 upon is the acceptance to receive court proc}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2500676\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ess by Local Governments.}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid2106461\charrsid7282286 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid2500676\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Regulation 26 of the Local Government Councils Regulations, }{\dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 T}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2500676\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 hird schedule to the Local Governments Act, Cap. 243, provides that service of court process shall be by delivering the same to, or by sending it by Registered post addressed to, the Town Clerk, \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Chief Administrative Officer, or Chief of the Sub-county of the council. \par \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 To receive court process is thus a statutory duty imposed upon the stated specified officers. Those officers must therefore put in place, at their offices, arrangements of readily r \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 eceiving and dealing with such court process.}{\dbch\af12\insrsid2500676\charrsid7282286 \par }{\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 This court wishes to believe that what the respondents\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s process

server, Ocaya Anthony Kibwota, deponed to in paragraph 7 of his affidavit of service, dated 18.05.2007}{ \dbch\af12\insrsid13766853\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 ,}{\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 that the concerned office of the applica\hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 nt had been advised not to accept court service is not true. \par \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Local Governments are called upon to take note of this and ensure that court process is readily accepted and receipt of same acknowledged. If they don\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 t, they run the risk, in future, of having \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 court decisions decided against them without their being heard. \par \par \par }{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Remmy K. Kasule \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 Ag. Judge \par \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 31}{\b\super\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 st}{\b\dbch\af12\insrsid1785957\charrsid7282286 \hich\af0\dbch\af12\loch\f0 August 2007 \par }}

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Authorities

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Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Order 9 rule 12 of the Civil Procedure Rules (Uganda)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Regulation 26, Third Schedule to the Local Governments Act, Cap. 243

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Advocates (Professional Conduct) Regulations, SI 93/1973

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Advocates (Professional Conduct) Regulations, SI 79/1977

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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