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Olyomoki & 416 others Vs National Forestry Authority (Civil Suit No. 161 of 2013) [2013] UGHCLD 91 (4 December 2013)
- Citation
- [2013] UGHCLD 91
- Status
- Judgment
- Jurisdiction
- Uganda
- Court
- HC: Land Division (Uganda)
- Panel
- Masalu, J
- Case number
- Civil Suit No. 161 of 2013
- Language
- English
More details
- Court
- HC: Land Division (Uganda)
- Panel
- Masalu, J
- Case number
- Civil Suit No. 161 of 2013
- Language
- English
On this page
Professional case brief
Research organized from the available case record
01
Holding and result
The court found that the applicants are in occupation of the disputed land, a fact conceded by the respondent, and that the status quo to be maintained is their continued occupation. The court held that the applicants raised substantial questions to be investigated in the main suit, including the legality of their occupation and the government's role. The court disagreed with the respondent's argument that granting an injunction would encourage illegal settlement, noting that such issues are for determination in the main suit. The court concluded that the requirements for a temporary injunction—prima facie case, risk of irreparable harm, and balance of convenience—were satisfied, and thus granted the injunction to restrain the respondent from evicting or interfering with the applicants' occupation pending the outcome of the main suit.
Court disposition
temporary injunction granted; each party to bear own costs
Orders
- A temporary injunction is granted restraining the respondent, its agents, and all deriving authority from evicting, alienating, selling, transferring, or otherwise creating a third party interest in the suit land pending determination of the main suit.
- Each party to meet their own costs.
02
Material facts
Parties
Olyomoki Fred, Noah Nawandyo & 415 Others
Plaintiff Counsel: Mr. Gilbert Baguma, Augustus SewankamboNational Forestry Authority
Defendant Counsel: Kisakye Ruth03
Procedural history
Posture
Civil Suit / Ruling on Application for Temporary Injunction
04
Questions and positions
Legal issues
- 01
Whether the applicants are entitled to a temporary injunction restraining the respondent from evicting or interfering with their occupation of the suit land pending determination of the main suit.
- 02
Whether the applicants have established a prima facie case with a likelihood of success.
- 03
Whether the applicants will suffer irreparable harm if the injunction is not granted.
- 04
Whether the balance of convenience favors the grant of a temporary injunction.
Party arguments
- Applicant
- The applicants argue that they have been in occupation of the suit land since 2010 following government directives to vacate their previous homesteads and relocate to the disputed land pending de-gazetting. They contend that they risk eviction and irreparable harm if the respondent is not restrained, and that the status quo should be maintained until the main suit is determined.
- Respondent
- The respondent contends that the applicants occupied the forest reserve prematurely and without legal authority, as the land has not been de-gazetted. The respondent argues that the applicants' claim is speculative and their continued occupation is illegal, and that granting an injunction would encourage unlawful settlement.
05
Court’s reasoning
Legal principles
- 01
Section 64(c) Civil Procedure Act; Section 38(1) and 13(a) Judicature Act
A temporary injunction may be granted to maintain the status quo and prevent the ends of justice from being defeated.
- 02
Order 41 Rules 1 and 2 Civil Procedure Rules; Kiyimba Kagula v Haji Abdul Nasser Katende [1985] HCB 43
The applicant must show a prima facie case with a possibility of success, risk of irreparable harm, and that the balance of convenience favors the injunction.
06
Ratio, limits and disposition
Ratio decidendi
The court found that the applicants are in occupation of the disputed land, a fact conceded by the respondent, and that the status quo to be maintained is their continued occupation. The court held that the applicants raised substantial questions to be investigated in the main suit, including the legality of their occupation and the government's role. The court disagreed with the respondent's argument that granting an injunction would encourage illegal settlement, noting that such issues are for determination in the main suit. The court concluded that the requirements for a temporary injunction—prima facie case, risk of irreparable harm, and balance of convenience—were satisfied, and thus granted the injunction to restrain the respondent from evicting or interfering with the applicants' occupation pending the outcome of the main suit.
Obiter and limits
- The issues raised in the parties' submissions are pertinent but will be more appropriately addressed during the hearing of the main suit.
- Given the nature of the dispute and the number of people involved, the court will fast track the case.
Court disposition
temporary injunction granted; each party to bear own costs
- A temporary injunction is granted restraining the respondent, its agents, and all deriving authority from evicting, alienating, selling, transferring, or otherwise creating a third party interest in the suit land pending determination of the main suit.
- Each party to meet their own costs.
Source and reliance status
HC: Land Division (Uganda)
This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.
Judgment reading view
Judgment text
The complete available source text.
HC: Land Division (Uganda)
Judgment
THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA
IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT NAKAWA
Civil Suit No. 161 OF 2013
1. OLYOMOKI FRED 2. NOAH NAWADYO & 415 Others :::::::::::::::::::::::::: PLAINTIFF
VERSUS
NATIONAL FORESTRY AUTHORITY:::::::::::::::::::::::;;;;;;;;;;DEFENDANT
RULING
The Applicants/ plaintiffs, Alyomoki Fred, Nora Nawandyo and 415 others filed Civil Suit No. 161 of 2013 against the Respondent/Defendant, National Forestry Authority in respect of Namanve Central Forest Reserve compartment No.7 in the plaint and other documents on record, the Applicants allege that they have been in occupation of the said land since the year 2010. They add that it was after the Government directives to vacate their previous homesteads in the slums of Kivulu, Mulago, Bwaise, Kisenyi, Katanga and the housing Estates of Nakawa and Naguru and relocate them on the suit land pending de-gazetting of the same. They have attached a copy of the Minister’s consent.
The Applicants then filed this application for a temporary injunction, restraining the respondent, her agents and all deriving authority from National Forestry Authority from evicting, alienating, selling, transferring or otherwise creating a third party interest in the said land.
The Application was supported by a detailed affidavit sworn by Olyomoki Fred on his own behalf and on behalf of the other Applicants.
The National Forestry on the other hand filed an affidavit in reply sworn by one Ouna Jimmy, an encroachment specialist, whose duties are to oversee eviction exercises throughout the country and to ensure that no person or entity occupies or remains in any Forest reserve under the care of the Respondent.
Under Paragraph 10 of Mr. Ouna Jimmy’s affidavit, it is stated that he has perused the documents attached by Olyomoki Fred in support of Applicant’s claim. He adds that the documents show that Government was proposing to settle slum dwellers from Kisenyi, Mulago, Katanga and other areas of Kampala on the request of slum dwellers international. In the same affidavit, Para. 13, Ouna Jimmy depones that the Applicants chose to prematurely occupy the disputed land which is still a Forest reserve without waiting for the Government to degazette. He adds under Para. 15 that the Applicant’s claim of interest is only speculative, anticipatory vague and misconceived and their continued occupation contravenes the law.
The Advocates on both sides, Mr. Gilbert Baguma together with Augustus Sewankambo for the Plaintiff/Applicants, and M/S Kisakye Ruth for the Defendant/Respondent filed written submissions in support and against the grant of a temporary injunction. The same are on record and very detailed. I have had the opportunity of studying and internalizing all those written submissions and the respective supporting authorities. I hasten to state that most of the issues raised in those submissions are pertinent but will be very helpful during the hearing and determination of the main suit. So this Court will not go into the detailed submissions from both sides at this stage. However, I wish to point out that Section 64 (c) of the Civil Procedure Act provides that in order to prevent the ends of Justice from being defeated, the Court may grant a temporary injunction. Section 38 (1) and 13 (a) of the Judicature Act are to the effect that the High Court has power to grant an injunction restraining any person from doing any specified Act, whether the claim under which such application is brought are in respect to legal or equitable estates.
This is not to mention O.41 (1) and (2) of the Civil Procedure Rules which is very elaborate on grant of Temporary Injunctions. So Paragraph 22 of the affidavit of Ouna Jimmy in reply is misconceived because the Jurisdiction of the Courts in such instances cannot be said to have been ousted by the statute creating National Forestry Authority. Otherwise, the law and practice is that where a party seeks an order of a temporary injunction, such a party has to show that:-
1. The purpose of such an injunction is to maintain the status quo.
2. That there is a prima facie case in the suit with a possibility of success.
3. That the party stands to suffer irreparable damage/loss/injury if the order is not granted.
4. In case of doubt, the matter is resolved on the balance of convenience.
As far as the present case is concerned, and as far as paragraphs 2, 9, 14, 15 and 17 of the affidavit in support are concerned, the Applicants are in possession or occupation of the disputed premises. That is conceded to under Paragraphs 13 and 21 (c) of the affidavit in reply save for the contention that the Applicants are in occupation prematurely and have settled thereon illegally.
Those, as I have already noted, are issues of the main suit. Otherwise the status quo to be maintained is that the Applicants are in occupation/possession.
On the second principle of prima facie case, reference is hereby made to the case of Kiyimba Kagula Vs Haji Abdul Nasser Katende [1985] HCB 43, where prima facie case was held to mean that the applicant must show that there is a substantial question or questions to be investigated.
Needless to emphasize, the suit in the present case raises many issues to be investigated. They include what is raised in Mr. Ouna Jimmy’s affidavit in reply that whereas Government may have allowed the Applicants to occupy the suit land, they occupied it prematurely and should sue the Government. That is a big issue to be investigated in the main suit among many others. On the balance of convenience, it has been submitted on behalf of the Respondent that since the Applicants have no interest in the suit land by grant, donation or otherwise, and that a grant of injunction will be encouraging illegal settlement. With respect, I disagree with the above submissions because those are the very matters to be investigated and resolved in the main suit. And given the nature of dispute, in that it involves very many people and is rather explosive, the Court will fast track the case.
Otherwise, all in all, in view of what I have outlined, I am inclined to allow the Application and grant the Temporary Injunction as prayed. Since the main suit is still pending, each party to meet their own costs.
……………………….
W. MASALU MUSENE
J U D G E
4/12/2013
Mr. Baguma Gilbert for Plaintiffs.
Plaintiffs present.
Defendant absent.
Aida Mayobo, Court Clerk present.
……………………….
W. MASALU MUSENE
J U D G E
Court: Judgment read in open Court.
……………………….
W. MASALU MUSENE
J U D G E
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