Maliam Adekur and Anor v Joshua Opaja and Anor (Constitutional Petition No. 1 of 1997) [1997] UGCC 4 (13 June 1997)

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\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\horzdoc\dghspace120\dgvspace120\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow0\dgvshow3 \jcompress\viewkind1\viewscale148\viewzk2\nolnhtadjtbl\rsidroot11361666 \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\ftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \chftnsepc \par }}{\*\aftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \chftnsep \par }}{\*\aftnsepc \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \chftnsepc \par }}\sectd \sbknone\linex0\colsx60\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid11361666\sftnbj {\footer \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta

)}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s19\qc \li0\ri-3\sb53\sl-571\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-3\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\b\fs22\ul\insrsid11361666 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA \par }\pard \s19\qj \li0\ri-3\sb53\sl-571\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-3\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 (CORAM: \tab S. T. MANYINDO \endash DCJ., G. M. OKELLO \endash J., A. E. M. BAHIGEINE \endash J., J. P. M. TABARO \endash J. AND F. M. S. EGONDA-NTENDE) }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666\charrsid11361666 \par }\pard \s19\qc \li0\ri-3\sb53\sl-571\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-3\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\ul\insrsid7423899 CONSTITUTIONAL PETITION }{\cs41\b\fs22\ul\insrsid7423899 NO. 1/97 }{\cs41\b\fs22\ul\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\expnd16\expndtw80\insrsid7423899 BETWEEN \par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\sb230\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033

{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 MALIAM ADEKUR ] \par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tldot\tx5246\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 GIRADO OTAPITO ]\tab ................................ PETITIONERS \par }\pard\plain \s20\qc \li0\ri0\sb5\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\b\fs22\expnd16\expndtw80\insrsid7423899 AND \par }\pard\plain \s21\ql \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tx2659\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 JOSHUA OPAJA}{\cs41\fs20\insrsid7423899 \tab }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 ] \par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tldot\tx5798\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 THE ATTORNEY GENERAL ] \tab RESPONDENTS \par }\pard \s21\ql \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\b\fs22\ul\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\fs22\ul\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 REASONS FOR THE DECISION \par }\pard \s21\qj \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 After the preliminary objections raised to the Petition by the Director of Civil Litigation Mr. Nasa Tumwesige, we were of the unanimous view that the Petition did not disclose any cause of action as against the 2nd respondent. We proceeded to strike it out

as being incompetent, promising to give our reasons later which we now give. This Constitutional Petition No. 2/9 was filed by Maliam Adeku and Girado Otapito as 1st and 2nd Petitioners respectively against Joshua Opaya as 1st r espondent and the Attorney General as 2nd respondent. They were seeking the following declarations. }{\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 3 a(i) that the inheritance of the 1st respondent \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li1670\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1670\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 and its continuation, the arrest and detention

\par }\pard \s17\ql \li1675\ri0\sb5\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1675\itap0 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 and prosecution of the Petitioners, was and is \par }\pard \s17\ql \li1680\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin1680\itap0 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 inconsistent with the Constitution; Articles \par 31(1) and (3); Article 33(1), (4) and (6). \par \sect }\sectd \marglsxn1438\margrsxn1438\margtsxn1556\linex0\colsx60\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid11361666\sftnbj {\footer \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid7423899 \par }}\pard\plain \s17\ql \li874\ri0\sb48\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin874\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 (ii) That the confiscation of the 2nd Petitioner's \par }\pard \s17\qj \li802\ri2678\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin2678\lin802\itap0 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 bicycle was inconsistent with the Constitution, }{\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 Article 26 (2) (6). }{\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 (iii) An order of redress or refer th e matter to the High Court to investigate and determine

appropriate redress. The Petition is supported by two affidavits sworn by the Petitioners and both dated }{\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 30/1/97. \par }\pard\plain \s18\qj \fi710\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 The first respondent Joshua Opaja did not file any answer to the Petition though he was duly served with the court process by one Ekanya Robert of M/S Emoru & Co. Advocates on 11th February 1997 at around 4.45p.m. The affidavit of service is on record dat ed 17/2/97. The Court was not requested to proceed ex parte against him. We only proceeded against the 2nd Respondent. \par }\pard \s18\ql \li725\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin725\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 It is the affidavit of the 1st Petitioner that contains the background to the matter. \par }\pard \s18\qj \fi715\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 Para 2 avers that the 1st Petitioner got married to Isaac Machinga of Kidingole Customarily during 1973. The bride price of seven (7) heads of cattle, four (4) goats and shs. 170/= was paid. The two lived together for about five (5) years until he chased her away during 1978. The bride price was never retu rned. Okiria

Machinga later died during 1988 while they were still living apart. The 1st respondent was installed his heir \par }\pard\plain \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb5\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tldot\tx3768\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 and according to Iteso customs }{ \cs41\fs22\ul\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 "\tab he was also supposed to inherit not only his estat}{\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 e \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\ul\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 but myself as well"}{\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 (the 1st Petitioner). \par }\pard\plain \s18\ql \fi706\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 After M achinga's death the 1st petitioner married the 2nd petitioner,Girado Otapito. \par }\pard \s18\qj \fi730\li0\ri0\sb53\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 On the 4th December 1996 they were arrested in Palisa by the 1st respondent and the sub-county Chief of Kidongole Kumi District. They were charged with elopement c/s 121(A)(1) of the Penal Code before the Magistrate Grade II Kacumbala (Criminal Case No. MS 27/96). They both

pleaded not guilty and were released on cash bail of shs. 50,000/= each. \par }\pard \s18\qj \fi725\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 The 2nd respondent's stand was that there was no cause of action against him. Mr. Tumw esige argued that the Attorney General had no role to play in the arrest, detention and prosecution of the petitioner. The arrest had been effected by 1st Respondent and the sub-county chief of Kidongole who is a servant of Kumi District Administration wh ich administration can sue and be sued in its corporate name. \par }\pard \s18\qj \fi730\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 Mr. Emoru however argued that the 2nd Respondent under Article 250 was liable for the acts of the Judicial officer, the Magistrate who perhaps failed to protect the Petitioners rights. We found d ifficulty in following Mr. Emoru's argumentsin view of the provision in Article 128 (4) clearly states: \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd4\expndtw20\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 "A}{ \cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 person exercising judicial power}{\cs36\i\fs12\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899

}{\cs40\i\f37\fs20\expnd-2\expndtw-10\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 shall not be liable to any action or suit for any act or omission by the person in the exercise of judicial power." }{\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 That is self explanatory. The magistrate was not guilty of any omission or wrongdoing. \par }\pard\plain \s18\qj \fi734\li0\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 Secondly the prosecution was not conducted by Police as Mr. Emoru wanted to suggest. It was a private prosecution by the 1st Respondent himself, the arrests having been effected by the Kumi District Administration sub-county chief of Kidongole. Under section 4 (2) (a) the Local Governments Act No. 1 of 1997 the District Administration or Council is a Local government which is a body corporate with perpetual succession an d a common seal. It may sue or be sued in its corporate name under section 7 of the Act. There was therefore no justification for dragging the 2nd Respondent Attorney General to court. \par }\pard \s18\qj \fi715\li0\ri0\sb5\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 We were satisfied that the Petition did not disclose any cause of action against 2nd Respondent. We had therefore no alternative but to strike it out as

incompetent. We thought it proper for Mr. Emoru to bear the costs of this Petition personally as clearly this petition was misconceived. \par }\pard \s18\qc \li0\ri5986\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tx3835\tx5966\faauto\rin5986\lin0\itap0 {\cs41\fs22\insrsid7423899\charrsid7423899 We so ordered. \par }\pard \s18\qc \li355\ri0\sl-557\slmult0\widctlpar\tx4190\tx6322\faauto\rin0\lin355\itap0 {\cs50\b\insrsid7423899 Dated at Kampala this 13}{\cs50\b\super\insrsid7423899 th }{\cs50\b\insrsid7423899 day of June 1997. \par }\pard\plain \s32\ql \li2170\ri3840\sl-240\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin3840\lin2170\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid7423899 \par \par }\pard \s32\qc \li0\ri-43\sb67\sl-571\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 S. T. Manyindo}{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 DEPUTY CHIEF JUSTICE \par }\pard\plain \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sl-240\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid7423899 \par \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sb58\sl-571\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 G. M. Okello }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 JUDGE \par }\pard \s22\qc

\li0\ri-43\sl-240\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\fs20\insrsid7423899 \par \par \par \par \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sb134\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 A. E. M. Bahigeine \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 JUDGE \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sl-240\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\fs20\insrsid7423899 \par \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sb158\sl-538\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 J. P. M. Tabaro }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 JUDGE \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sl-240\slmult0\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\fs20\insrsid7423899 \par \par \par }\pard \s22\qc \li0\ri-43\sb96\widctlpar\faauto\rin-43\lin0\itap0\pararsid11361666 {\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 F. M. S. Egonda-Ntende}{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid7423899 JUDGE \par }{\cs41\b\fs22\insrsid11361666 \par \par }}