Download

Uganda Judgment

High Court of Uganda

In Re: Harry John Shilling (An infant) (Adoption Cause No. 15 of 1991) [1991] UGHC 6 (23 December 1991)

On this page

Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The court found that the petitioners, although British citizens, are not resident in Uganda as required by section 4(5) of the Adoption Act. The law is mandatory and leaves no discretion to the court. Despite the petitioners having obtained all necessary consents and fulfilling other procedural requirements, their lack of residency in Uganda is a fatal defect. The court emphasized that the adoption law is strict and outdated, but until amended, it must be applied as written. Consequently, the petitioners' application for an adoption order was dismissed for failure to meet the residency requirement.

Court disposition

petition dismissed

Orders

  • The petition for adoption is dismissed.
  • Judith Shilling to bear the costs of the petition.

02

Material facts

Parties

Steven Anthony Shilling

Applicant Counsel: Steven Ssekannyo

Judith Shilling

Applicant

Divina Babirye

Respondent

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Adoption Cause / Ruling

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The petitioners, both British citizens and residents of Botswana, are husband and wife seeking to adopt Harry John Shilling. They presented marriage and consent documents, including affidavits and the consent of the biological mother and caretaker. They argue that all procedural requirements, including consent, have been met.
Respondent
No formal respondent opposition is recorded, but the court considered whether the petitioners met the mandatory residency requirement under section 4(5) of the Adoption Act, which stipulates that applicants must be resident in Uganda.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Section 4(5) of the Adoption Act (Cap 209)

    An adoption order shall not be made in favour of any applicant unless he is a British subject or a citizen of Uganda and is resident in Uganda or in respect of any infant unless he is a British subject or a citizen of Uganda and is resident in East Africa.

  2. 02

    Section 4(3) of the Adoption Act (Cap 209)

    Consent of the parent or guardian of the infant is required for adoption.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the petitioners, although British citizens, are not resident in Uganda as required by section 4(5) of the Adoption Act. The law is mandatory and leaves no discretion to the court. Despite the petitioners having obtained all necessary consents and fulfilling other procedural requirements, their lack of residency in Uganda is a fatal defect. The court emphasized that the adoption law is strict and outdated, but until amended, it must be applied as written. Consequently, the petitioners' application for an adoption order was dismissed for failure to meet the residency requirement.

Obiter and limits

  • The law relating to adoption of children is very strict, and it is regrettable that this law has not been looked at since 1964 and some of the provisions are not up-to-date with the changes which have taken place in our society.
  • Until the law is amended, my hands are tied.

Court disposition

petition dismissed

  • The petition for adoption is dismissed.
  • Judith Shilling to bear the costs of the petition.

Source and reliance status

High Court of Uganda

This page organises the available record for research. Confirm quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the official source before relying on the case.

Source document

Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

High Court of Uganda

Judgment

[1991] UGHC 6

{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\deff0\stshfdbch0\stshfloch0\stshfhich0\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f200\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;} {\f201\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f203\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f204\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f205\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);} {\f206\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f207\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f208\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255; \red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0; \red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \styrsid9663784 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden Default Paragraph

Font;}{\*\ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\langnp1024\langfenp1024 \snext11 \ssemihidden Normal Table;}{ \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \styrsid9663784 Normal (Web);}} {\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax156\lsdlockeddef0}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid1189932\rsid2629063\rsid9663784}{\*\generator Microsoft Word 11.0.5604;}{\info{\title THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA }{\author DELL}{\operator

DELL}{\creatim\yr2009\mo11\dy9\hr10\min59} {\revtim\yr2009\mo11\dy9\hr10\min59}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages2}{\nofwords441}{\nofchars2515}{\nofcharsws2951}{\vern24689}}\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180 \dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot9663784\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0\sectd \linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}} {\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (} {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc

\li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1189932 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \line IN }{ \ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 TH}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 E HIGH }{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 COURT}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 }{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 OF UGANDA}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 AT KAMPALA }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line }{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 ADOPTION CAUSE NO. 1}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 5}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 OF 1991 \line }{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 IN THE MATTER OF } {\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 HAR}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 R}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 Y. JOHN}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 SHILLING}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 (AN}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 }{ \ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 INFANT) }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line BEFORE:. }{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 Th}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 e}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 }{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 H}{ \ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 o}{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 no}{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 urab1e. Ag. }{\ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932

Justice M. Kireju. \line }{\ul\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 RULING }{ \ul\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1189932 {\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line This adoption petition }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 was}{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 filed, by the. }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 Petitioners}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 Steven Anthony Shining and Judith Shilling, the petitioners }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 ar}{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 e husband and wife and they were married on }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 10}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 /1}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 2/87 i}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 n the Republic of Botswana, the marriage certificate was presented before court. }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 \par }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line At the hearing of the petition, Steven Shilling was }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 represented}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 by h}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 is brother in law Mr. Steven Ss}{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 ekannyo who was granted power of attorney to act on his behalf in }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 the}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932

proceeding}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 . Judith Shilling was }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 present in person, and}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 the mother of }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 the infant \line Divi}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 na , Babirye with the baby were }{ \insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 also presen}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 t. }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 \par }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line The petition i}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 s}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 supported by the aff}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 ida}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 vits}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 of }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 Jud}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 ith Shilling and Steven Ssekann}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 yo. From the two affidavits with }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 annexure}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 thereto and }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 the}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 submission by the counsel for }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 the}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 petitioners, the following information has been noted. }{ \insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 \par }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line The petitioners Mr. & Mrs. Steven shilling both are British citizen and resident in }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 Botswan}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 a.

}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 The petitioners }{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 are}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 both teachers aged }{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 38 }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 and }{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 47 }{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 years respectively, they do no have any child of their own or any }{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 person resident with }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 them. Steven Shilling is th}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 e father of Harry John shilling the }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 child}{\insrsid2629063\charrsid1189932 to }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 be adopted, and Judith S}{\insrsid1189932 hilling is related to the said }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 child \line \par }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 The}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 applicant}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 is the father of the infant }{\b\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 namely Steven Shilling. }{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 The consent }{\i\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 o}{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 f }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 the parent or guardian of the infant as required under section 4(3) of the }{ \insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 Act ha}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 s been received from

}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 Divin}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 i }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 Babirye}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 the mother of the infa}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 nt, And Steven Ssekannyo who has}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 been looking after the infant, section4 (}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 4) has also been complied with as evidenced by the affidavit sworn by Judith Shilling where she agreed with her husband to adopt the infant. \line Section }{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 4(5) }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 of the }{\insrsid1189932 A}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 ct is as follows; \line }{\insrsid1189932 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1189932 {\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \'93An adoption order shall not be made in \line favour of any applicant unless he is a British subject or a citizen of Uganda and is resident in Uganda or in }{\i\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 respect of any infant unless he}{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 is a British subject or a citizen o}{ \i\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 f Uganda and}{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 is }{\i\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 resident in Eas}{\i\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 t Africa

}{\i\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 \'93 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1189932 {\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line In the affidavit of Judith Shilling }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 and}{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 in the petition }{\b\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 it }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 is specifically stated that t}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 he petitioners are resident at Tsabong in Bots}{ \insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 wana and they are both British citizens. \line The petitioners do not satisfy the requirements under this sub\emdash section as they are not resident in Uganda}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 . The wordi}{\insrsid1189932 ng of }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 the section is mandatory; no}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 discretion is left to the court. \line Generally the law relating to adoption of children }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 is very strict, an}{ \insrsid1189932 d }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 it}{\insrsid1189932 i}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 s regrettable that}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 this law has not been looked at since 1964 and some of the previsions }{ \insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 are}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 not up\emdash to\emdash date with the changes which have taken place

in our society. However, until the law is amended, my hands are tied. \line In }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 the resul}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 t, I cannot grant an adoption order as the \line petitioners are not resident in Uganda. \line The petition is accordingly dismissed}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 }{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 Judith Shilli}{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 ng to \line bear the cost of this pe}{\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 tition. \line KIREJU \par }{\insrsid1189932\charrsid1189932 23/12/91 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1189932 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9663784\charrsid1189932 \line \par }}

Source wording is retained. Consult the source document for its original formatting and pagination.

Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Adoption Act (Cap 209), sections 4(3), 4(4), 4(5)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Case-aware research

Ask AI about this case

The judgment and available research above are public. New questions open in a separate private conversation grounded in this case.

About this JurisAssist collection

This page organizes the available case record for research. Verify quotations, current status, and subsequent treatment against the source document. Corrections can be reported to hello@esheria.ai.

Legal information, not legal advice. Research summaries do not replace the judgment.