Gakou and Brothers Enterprises Ltd v SGS Uganda Ltd (HCT-00-CC-MA 431 of 2005) [2005] UGCommC 42 (14 July 2005)

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Judicature}{\nofcharsws8543}{\vern24579}}\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1800\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot11407551\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\ftnsep \pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11477794 \chftnsep

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)}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9181940 \fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid11407551\charrsid14949720 REPUBLIC OF UGANDA}{\b\insrsid9181940 \par }{\b\insrsid11407551\charrsid14949720 IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA}{\b\insrsid9181940 \par (}{\b\insrsid11407551\charrsid14949720 COMMERCIAL COURT DIVISION) \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid14949720 {\b\insrsid4014960\charrsid14949720 HCT-00-CC-MA-0431-2005}{\b\insrsid11407551\charrsid14949720 \par }{\b\insrsid4014960\charrsid14949720 (Arising from HCT-00-CC-CS-}{\b\insrsid1594988\charrsid14949720 0373-2005)}{\b\insrsid4014960\charrsid14949720 \par }{\b\insrsid1594988\charrsid14949720 GAKOU & BROTHERS ENTERPRISES LTD APPLICANT \par VERSUS \par SGS UGANDA LTD RESPONDENT \par }\pard \ql

\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3674081 {\b\insrsid1594988\charrsid14949720 \par \par }{\b\ul\insrsid1594988\charrsid14949720 BEFORE THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE FMS EGONDA-NTENDE \par \par RULING \par }{\insrsid1594988 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid1967100 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3674081 { \insrsid1967100 The applicant, M/S Gakou & Brothers Enterprises Ltd, are the defendants in the head suit. }{\insrsid6359995 In this application they seek to add or substitute, one Mushagalusa Jerome, as the defendant in the head suit. }{\insrsid2569404 The grounds upon which this application is made are three. Firstly, that the plaintiff wrongly instituted the head suit against the applicant}{\insrsid1670919 . Secondly that the said Mushagalus a Jerome was at all material times the owner of the mineral cargo which si the subject matter of the suit. Lastly}{\insrsid16413554 that it is necessary and just that Mushagalusa Jerome be substituted and or added to enable the court to completely adjudicate and settle all questions involved in the suit.}{\insrsid1594988 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid11281724

\hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}{\insrsid11281724 The application is supported by an affidavit sworn by Mohamed Gakou, the managing director of the applicant company, in which he sets out the facts that he alleges show that Mushagalusa Jerome was the proper defendant instead of the applicant. }{ \insrsid14757585 He claims that he introduced Mushagalusa Jerome to the respondent, leaving Mushagalusa Jerome to de}{\insrsid4918581 al directly with the respondent, which is what occurred. He now alleges that there is a conspiracy between Mushagalusa Jerome and the respondent to make the applicant liable for the transactions between Mushagalusa Jerome and the respondent. }{ \insrsid11281724 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid9372102 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}{\insrsid9372102 The respondent opposed this application, without filing an affidavit in reply. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid9372102 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 4.\tab}Mr. }{\insrsid8541540 Mark Luba, learned counsel for the applicant, submitted, that order 1 Rule 10(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules, }{ \insrsid747404 any one was free to apply to add a party to the suit. }{\insrsid8000047 The applicant wished to apply that Mr. Jerome Mushagalusa should be added or substituted as the defendant in this case, as he was the person, who ought to

ha ve been sued by the defendant.}{\insrsid747404 He referred this court to the case of }{\i\ul\insrsid747404\charrsid6120869 Kololo Curing Co. Ltd v West Mengo Co-op}{\i\ul\insrsid8001326\charrsid6120869 eerative Union Ltd [1981] H. C. B.60}{\insrsid6059709 in support of his submissions.}{\insrsid9372102 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid14303838 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 5.\tab}}{\insrsid14303838 Mr. Peter Kawuma, learned counsel for the respondent, stated that the respondents were opposed to this application. }{ \insrsid5006546 He submitted that it would not be right to strike out a party, against whom a cause of action has been discolosed. He referred to the case of }{\i\ul\insrsid5006546\charrsid6120869 Daphin}{\i\ul\insrsid6238726\charrsid6120869 e Parry v Murray Alexander Carson [1962]E. A.515}{\insrsid3802980 . Secondly the plaintiff had elected which person to sue, and that person, being the applicant was the proper the defendant. He referred to the case of }{ \i\ul\insrsid3802980\charrsid6120869 Denis Kimuli Batemuka vs Sarah Biribonwa Anywar [1987]}{\i\ul\insrsid8879236\charrsid6120869 H. C. B.71.}{\i\ul\insrsid14303838\charrsid6120869 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid8879236 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 6.\tab}}{\insrsid8879236 Lastly Mr. Kawuma submitted that }{\insrsid2886149 Order 1

Rule 10(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules is concerned with misjoinder of parties rather than }{\insrsid4866071 substitution of parties}{\insrsid13699432 . Subsitution of a defendant has the effect of bringing a suit at }{\insrsid9064575 an end as against the defendant, }{ \insrsid5508858 which}{\insrsid9064575 is a complete disposal of the suit.}{\insrsid8879236 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid15665289 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 7.\tab}}{\insrsid15665289 This application is based on Order 1 Rule 10 (2) of the Civil Procedure Rules. I shall set it out in full. }{ \insrsid12735779 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3674081 {\fs20\insrsid13640706\charrsid2571901 \'93(2) The court may at any stage of the proceedings either upon or without }{ \fs20\insrsid8063444\charrsid2571901 the }{\fs20\insrsid13640706\charrsid2571901 application of either party}{\fs20\insrsid8063444\charrsid2571901 , and on such terms as may appear to the court to be just, order that the name of any party}{ \fs20\insrsid16140818\charrsid2571901 improperly joined, whether as plaintiff or defendant be struck out and that the name of any person who ought to have been joined whether as plaintiff or defendant, or whose presence before the court may be necessary to enable the court effectually and completely

to adjudicate upon and settle all questions involved in the suit, be added.\'94}{\fs20\insrsid15665289\charrsid2571901 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid3017744 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 8.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3674081 { \insrsid3017744 From the wording of the rule, it is clear the rule is about misjoinder and non-joinder of parties. It anticipates a situation where if a party had been improperly joined, such party could be removed, and if someother person, ought to have been party and was not, }{\insrsid2571901 may be }{\insrsid3017744 joined as a party to the suit.}{\insrsid15946488 See }{\i\ul\insrsid15946488\charrsid6120869 Daphne Parry v Murray Alexander Carson, [1962] E. A. 515.}{\insrsid9181940 Order 1 Rule 10 (2) of the Civil Procedure Rules does not extend to substitution of parties.}{\insrsid3290320 It does not apply where a defendant who has been sued, claims that he has been wrongly or unjustifiably sued by the plaintiff, and is therefore the wrong party. In such a case the defendant }{\insrsid15228672 would have to defend the suit, establish his defence, and win vindification, }{\insrsid16413987 if he is the successful party. }{\insrsid9181940 Or he could apply under the relevant rules to strike out the action

against himself, if there is no cause of action disclosed against him.}{\insrsid15946488 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid16413987 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 9.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid15946488 { \insrsid16413987 It is for the plaintiff to elect which person shall be the defendant in the suit, and the plaintiff cannot be compelled to sue a particular person,}{\insrsid5457855 as defendant,}{\insrsid16413987 }{\insrsid5457855 except in }{ \insrsid6449690 cases of necessity.}{\insrsid15946488 See }{\i\ul\insrsid15946488\charrsid6120869 Denis Kimuli v Sarah Biribonwa Anywar and Anor [1987] H. C. B. 71. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid12735779 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 10.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3674081 { \insrsid12735779 }{\insrsid10820153 Th}{\insrsid5508858 e}{\insrsid10820153 case}{\insrsid5508858 of }{\i\ul\insrsid5508858\charrsid6120869 Fernandes v Kara Arjan and Sons [1961] E. A. 693}{\insrsid5508858 }{\insrsid10820153 illustrates the futility o }{\insrsid10241401 f ordering the plaintiff to proceed against a }{\insrsid9597006 particular person as a }{\insrsid10241401

defendant without the plaintiff}{\insrsid9597006 \rquote }{\insrsid10241401 s assent.}{\insrsid13844973 }{\insrsid16191674 Mosdel}{\insrsid13844973 ,}{\insrsid16191674 J}{\insrsid13844973 .,}{\insrsid16191674 observed, }{\insrsid14187300 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3674081 {\fs20\insrsid16191674\charrsid14187300 \'93 a plaintiff, being dominus litis, cannot be comp elled to sue a person, for damages in respect of a tort, who he does not wish to sue. The instant case has demonstrated only too clearly the impossible situations in which an unwilling plaintiff is likely to find himself at the trial where a defendant is forced upon him agaist his will.}{\fs20\insrsid4407648\charrsid14187300 Moreover, the instant case has shown forcibly what little benefit such addition would be likely to afford the orginal defendant. The plaintiff was forced by reason of my order of August 17, 1961, to aver negligence against the third defendant. }{ \fs20\insrsid4740530\charrsid14187300 When evidence for the plaintiff was led not a tittle was extracted either in chief or in cross-examination showing the third defendant was even partially to }{\fs20\insrsid14187300 bl}{ \fs20\insrsid4740530\charrsid14187300 ame for the accident.}{\fs20\insrsid14187300\charrsid14187300 \'94 At page 697.}{\fs20\insrsid15946488

}{\fs20\insrsid3290320\charrsid14187300 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid5508858 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 11.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3674081 { \insrsid5508858 Mr. Mark Luba referred to the case of }{\i\ul\insrsid5508858\charrsid6120869 Kololo Curing Co. Ltd v West Mengo Co-operative Union Ltd [1981] H. C. B. 60}{\insrsid5508858 , in support of his submission. I have read the }{\insrsid4339085 digest of the case, and unfortunately have not been able to read the full decision. Holding 13 reads, }{\insrsid15946488 \par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri1440\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin1440\lin1440\itap0\pararsid15946488 {\fs20\insrsid4339085\charrsid15946488 \'93As to whether a defendant can apply under O.1 r.10(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules for joining a third party to a suit as a co-plaintiff, not only can any of the parties to a suit avail himself of the provisions of the rule but the court itself can on its own motion, join any party as plaintiff or defendant, if in its judgment, such joinder would facilitate effectively and completely the determination of the suit.\'94}{\fs20\insrsid5508858\charrsid15946488 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid4339085 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0

12.\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx720\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3674081 { \insrsid4339085 As a general statement of law, the foregoing is largely correct. In that case a defendant was seeking to add a third party as co-plaintiff to the suit. This is different from the position here, where the defendant is seeking to substitute or add }{\insrsid4866071 a }{\insrsid4339085 co-defendant, without the consent of the plaintiff. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid3231972 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 13.\tab}}{\insrsid3231972 Under Order 1 Rule 10 (2) of the Civil Procedure Rules, it may be possible for the parties to apply to add a party, or }{ \insrsid1973244 at the instance of}{\insrsid3231972 the court}{\insrsid1973244 to add a party}{\insrsid3231972 , in case}{\insrsid1973244 the presence of such a person is necesssary to enable the court effectually and completely to adjudicate upon and settle all questions involved in the suit. }{\i\ul\insrsid14026689\charrsid6120869 Salim Jamal and others v Uganda Oxygen}{ \i\ul\insrsid10242620\charrsid6120869 Limited}{\i\ul\insrsid14026689\charrsid6120869 and others Supreme Court Civil Appeal No.64 of 1995 (Unreported)}{\insrsid3353075 provided such possibility}{\insrsid14026689 .}{\insrsid2251168 An action was brought by a

shareholder against the directors and persons controlling the companies in question.}{\insrsid7955440 After holding that the derivative action brought by the member had been proved, the trial court, added the compan}{ \insrsid7954495 y}{\insrsid7955440 as }{\insrsid8522571 a }{\insrsid7955440 defendant to the action}{\insrsid663149 so as to be able to effectively deal with the remedies that the compan}{\insrsid4866071 y}{\insrsid663149 }{\insrsid4866071 was}{ \insrsid663149 entitled to on the basis of the plaintiff\rquote s successful action.}{\insrsid7954495 The Supreme Court }{\insrsid4866071 upheld the joiner of}{\insrsid7954495 Uganda Oxygen Ltd as a defendant under Order 1 Rule 10(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules}{\insrsid4866071 as it was essential to the resolution of the dispute between the parties}{\insrsid7954495 .}{\insrsid663149 }{\insrsid14026689 }{\insrsid5719661

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid2101413 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 14.\tab}}{\insrsid2101413 I have studied the application and its supporting affidavit, and find nothing therein that suggests that }{\insrsid4981546 the situation envisaged by Order 1 Rule 10(2) of the Civil Procedure Rules, does exist.}{\insrsid13830854 The question }{\insrsid871809 according to }{\insrsid13830854 the applicant}{\insrsid871809 that }{\insrsid13830854 has to be established is the}{ \insrsid3100924 identity of the }{\insrsid13830854 owner of the cargo in respect of which the head suit has been brought. }{\insrsid5989740 It is not really necessary for the presence of Mushagalusa Jerome as a party, to establish who the owner of the cargo in question is.}{\insrsid2101413 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langnp2057\insrsid9181940 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 15.\tab}}{\insrsid9181940 For those reasons I find that this application has no merit. It is dismissed accordingly with costs. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9181940 {\insrsid9181940 Dated at Kampala this 14}{\super\insrsid9181940\charrsid9181940 th}{\insrsid9181940 day of July 2005 \par \par \par \par FMS Egonda-Ntende \par Judge \par }}