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Uganda Judgment

HC: Criminal Division (Uganda)

Bitanda v Uganda (HC.CR. APPEAL NO.9 OF 1993) [1993] UGHCCRD 1 (12 November 1993)

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01

Holding and result

The court found that the sentence of 6 months imprisonment, being the maximum for the offence of being a rogue and vagabond, was unreasonably excessive in the circumstances. The appellant was a first offender and had pleaded guilty, factors which should have attracted a more lenient sentence. The trial magistrate's reasons for imposing the maximum sentence were not supported by evidence and amounted to speculation. The appeal was allowed, the sentence set aside, and replaced with a sentence enabling the appellant to leave prison at the rising of the court.

Court disposition

appeal allowed; sentence varied

Orders

  • The sentence of 6 months imprisonment is set aside.
  • The appellant is to be released at the rising of the court.

02

Material facts

Parties

Robert Bitanda

Appellant Counsel: Mr. Okalang

Uganda

Respondent

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Judgment

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Counsel for the appellant argued that the accused, being a first offender and having pleaded guilty, should not have received the maximum sentence of 6 months imprisonment. The sentence was unreasonably excessive given the circumstances, and there was no evidence to support the reasons given by the trial magistrate for imposing the maximum sentence.
Respondent
The state counsel did not oppose the appeal and indicated in writing that he did not wish to be heard at the hearing of the appeal.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Sentencing principles under Ugandan criminal law

    A first offender who pleads guilty should generally receive a more lenient sentence unless there are aggravating circumstances.

  2. 02

    Section 163 of the Penal Code Act; general sentencing jurisprudence

    Maximum sentences should only be imposed where the circumstances of the offence warrant such severity, and reasons must be supported by evidence.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court found that the sentence of 6 months imprisonment, being the maximum for the offence of being a rogue and vagabond, was unreasonably excessive in the circumstances. The appellant was a first offender and had pleaded guilty, factors which should have attracted a more lenient sentence. The trial magistrate's reasons for imposing the maximum sentence were not supported by evidence and amounted to speculation. The appeal was allowed, the sentence set aside, and replaced with a sentence enabling the appellant to leave prison at the rising of the court.

Obiter and limits

  • There were sufficient facts to justify a lenient sentence, especially as the accused was a first offender and pleaded guilty.

Court disposition

appeal allowed; sentence varied

  • The sentence of 6 months imprisonment is set aside.
  • The appellant is to be released at the rising of the court.

Source and reliance status

HC: Criminal Division (Uganda)

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Source document

Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

HC: Criminal Division (Uganda)

Judgment

[1993] UGHCCRD 1

Hon

Justice Isekoko

THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA COURT OF UGANDA IN THE HIGH $AT$ JINJA HO LDEN

H. C. CR. APPEAL NO.9 OF 1993

ROBERT BITANDA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

VERSUS

UGANDA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

THE HON. MR. JUSTICE C. M. KATO BEFORE:

JUDGMENT ---------------------------------------

The appellant Robert Bitanda has appealed to this court against a sentence of 6 months imposed upon him by magistrate grade I sitting at Jinja court. He was charged with the offence of being a rogue and vagabond contrary to section 163 of the Penal Code Act. ( It is not known under which sub-section, as section 163 has a number of sub-sections but judging from the facts of the case it must be sub-section (d).) He pleaded guilty to the charge and he was convicted and sentenced to 6 months imprisonment.

When the appeal came up for hearing the learned state counsel was not present but he wrote to the District Registrar a letter dated 12/11/93 saying that he did not wish to oppose the appeal and that he did not wish to be heard at the hearing of the appeal. The appeal proceeded ex-parte.

Mr. Okalang who represented the appellant argued that the accused having pleaded guilty and having been a first offender should not have been sentenced to 6 months imprisonment which is the maximum sentence for this kind of crime. With due respect, I agree with the views expressed by the learned counsel for the appellant. The sentence was unreasonably excessive in all the circumstances of this case. There was nothing to warrant imposition of a maximum sentence in this case, the reasons given by the learned trial magistrate were not supported by evidence they were mere speculations.

$\frac{1}{2}$

There were enough facts to attract a linient sentence especially as the accused was a first offender and had pleaded guilty to the charge.

$\mathbb{P}^1 \subseteq \mathbb{P}^1 \cup \{ \mathbb{P}^2 \}$

$\sim$ 1.

In all these circumstances the appeal is allowed and the sentence of 6 months is set aside in its place it is to be replaced by such a sentence as will enable the appellant to leave the prison at the rising of this court. So be it done.

C. M. KATO JUDGE $12/11/93$

$12/11/93$ Later at 11.30 A. M.

$\mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{A}} \mathcal{L}_{\mathcal{A}}$

COURT:

The court is as before.

Judgment is read, signed and dated.

C. M. KATO JUDGE $12/11/93$

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Section 163 Penal Code Act (Cap. 120)

Legislation

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